Unpacking Special Tax Circumstances – Gift Taxes and Estate Taxes
Welcome back to the Safe Money Mindset Newsletter! In this edition, we’re tackling special tax circumstances that can have significant implications for your financial planning—gift taxes and estate taxes. While these topics might not affect everyone, understanding them is crucial for comprehensive financial planning and ensuring your legacy is protected.
Understanding Gift Taxes:
Gift taxes are often misunderstood or overlooked in financial planning. Many people don’t really understand how gift tax works and often play games to keep gifts under the annual exclusion amount. However, it’s unnecessary for most people because very few will give away $13.61 million in their lifetime.
Think of the annual exclusion as a “free pass” to give away a certain amount of money each year without paying taxes. In 2024, you can give up to $18,000 per person per year. Imagine you give your friend $18,000 as a gift; you won’t owe any taxes on that amount. If you give more than $18,000 to one person in a year, the excess amount counts against your lifetime gift tax exemption, but you still don’t pay gift tax right away.
The lifetime gift tax exemption is like a big bucket that can hold $13.61 million in gifts over your lifetime. Only gifts exceeding the annual exclusion reduce this bucket. For example, if you give your child $50,000 in one year, $18,000 is covered by the annual exclusion, and the remaining $32,000 comes out of your lifetime bucket. You won’t pay gift tax now, but this amount reduces your lifetime exemption.
Married couples can combine their “free passes,” so together they can give $36,000 to one person per year without taxes. This is useful for large gifts, such as helping a child with a down payment on a house.
Exploring Estate Taxes:
Estate taxes come into play after your death and can significantly affect the assets passed on to your heirs. Think of the federal estate tax exemption as a shield that protects $13.61 million of your estate from federal taxes. If your estate is worth more than $13.61 million, the excess is taxed at rates up to 40%.
If you’re married, and one spouse dies, the surviving spouse can use any unused portion of the deceased spouse’s exemption, effectively doubling the shield to $27.22 million. This requires a portability election to be made on the deceased spouse’s estate tax return. Additionally, some states have their own estate or inheritance taxes with lower exemption thresholds. It’s important to be aware of your state’s laws and plan accordingly.
Step-Up in Basis:
A key aspect of estate planning is understanding the step-up in basis rule. This rule allows the cost basis of inherited assets to be “stepped up” to their fair market value at the time of the original owner’s death, reducing the capital gains tax liability for the heirs.
For example, if you inherit a house, the cost basis is adjusted to its value at the time of the original owner’s death. If your parents bought their house for $100,000 and it’s worth $500,000 when you inherit it, you won’t owe capital gains tax on the $400,000 increase when you sell it. The step-up in basis also applies to inherited stocks and other investments. This means if you inherit stocks that have appreciated over time, you won’t owe capital gains tax on the growth that occurred before you inherited them.
Why Understanding These Taxes Matters:
Comprehending gift and estate taxes, along with the step-up in basis, is vital for preserving your wealth and ensuring a smooth transfer of assets to your heirs. Strategic planning can minimize tax liabilities and maximize the legacy you leave behind.
Stay Tuned for More Insights:
In our next edition, we’ll explore tax planning strategies that can help you optimize your financial situation and secure your future. Stay informed and stay ahead with the Safe Money Mindset Newsletter.
Warmly,
Jeff Perry
Partner, Quest Commonwealth
Co-Host of “Safe Money Mindset” on WXYZ-TV ABC Detroit
Author of “Safe Money Mindset” – Available on Amazon or discounted HERE